- NO RESERVE --6.00
Year - 1986 , - Sc#3153 IMPERF. , Mic#Block 162B,
PAINTER - K. GOGOV
Space Travel and Exploration, Famous men, perforated, superb condition **MNH! ; COMET´S ORBIT IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM
Edmond Halley - English astronomer
FRS (sometimes "Edmund", November 8, 1656 – January 14, 1742) was an English astronomer, geophysicist, mathematician, meteorologist, and physicist.
These animations simulate the orbit of comet Halley, which takes about 76 years to orbit the sun. Compared to the planets, most comets have highly elliptical orbits and widely varying orbital speeds. Comet Halley´s next passage through the inner solar system will occur in the year 2061.
BULGARIA The National Astronomical Observatory (NAO) - Rozhen (the Rhodopes), operated by the Institute of Astronomy (IA), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences disposes with a 2-meter Ritchey-Chretien-Coude (RCC) telescope, a 50/70 cm Schmidt, and a 60 cm Cassegrain telescope. On the 2-m telescope, in the RC mode, direct images of extended astronomical objects are obtained on astronomical photographic plates with size up to 30x30 cm2, covering a field 1° x 1°. The three cameras of the Coude spectrograph allow the obtaining of spectra of astronomical objects with dispersions ranging from 2 A mm-1 to 36A mm-1.
VEGA (U.S.S.R.; 1986) - Vega International project VENUS-HALLEY, launched in 1984, carried a Venus orbiter and lander and did a fly-by of Comet Halley.
Giotto
Giotto was launched by an Ariane-1 by ESA on July 2 1985, and approached within 540 km +/- 40 km of the nucleus of Comet Halley on March 13, 1986. The spacecraft carried 10 instruments including a multicolor camera, and returned data until shortly before closest approach, when the downlink was temporarily lost. Giotto was severely damaged by high-speed dust encounters during the flyby and was placed into hibernation shortly afterwards.
Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11
Pioneer 10 was the first spacecraft to flyby Jupiter in 1973. Pioneer 11 followed it in 1974, and then went on to become the first probe to study Saturn in 1979. The Pioneers were designed to test the ability of spacecraft to survive passage thru the asteroid belt and Jupiter´s magnetosphere. The asteroid belt was easy, but they were nearly fried by ions trapped in Jupiter´s magnetic field. This information was crucial to the success of the Voyager missions. Pioneer 11´s RTG power supply is dead. Its last communication with Earth was in November 1995. Pioneer 10 is still functioning (barely) but is no longer being tracked regularly due to budget cutbacks. The last data was received from it on 1997 March 31. They are heading off into interstellar space, the first craft ever to do so. As the first two spacecraft to leave our solar system, Pioneer 10 & 11 carry a graphic message in the form of a 6- by 9-inch gold anodized plaque bolted to the spacecraft´s main frame. (Pioneer Project Home Page and more about Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 from NASA Spacelink )
Click image to view larger version
MiNr. 3454 - 3457 (Block 162) Bulgarien
1986, 7. Marz. Blockausgabe: Halleyscher Komet. RaTdr.; B = ungez.
eia-eid) Bahn des Halleyschen Kometen
